SEC’s Coinbase Fight Puts Exchange, Crypto Survival on the Line

By David Jolly. March 27, 2023. (Bloomberg Law).

The SEC’s decision to target Coinbase Global Inc. for enforcement actions sets the stage for a protracted legal battle that threatens the top US crypto exchange and potentially the entire US digital assets sector, legal and industry analysts say.

Coinbase revealed last week that the Securities and Exchange Commission had served it with a Wells Notice, a notification that the agency is planning to recommend enforcement action for alleged securities law violations. Already reeling from its increasing exclusion from the traditional financial system, the US crypto industry sees the Coinbase action as a signal that the SEC—and its determined chairman, Gary Gensler—intend to regulate the industry out of business.

“It is hard to look at what’s happening at the federal regulatory level and not see it’s an existential threat,” said Sheila Warren, CEO of the Crypto Council for Innovation. “Between challenges around obtaining basic banking services, making payroll, to open hostility from this SEC, operating in the US is not for the faint of heart.”

Read the full article here.

Commissioner Peirce on the SEC’s ‘unimaginative’ approach to regulation

By Davis Quinton and Frank Chaparro. February 20, 2023. (The Block).

SEC Commissioner Hester Peirce opposes her agency’s recent targeting of Kraken’s staking program in the US. 

“If investor protection is about just shutting programs down or preventing people from purchasing certain things — that’s a very unimaginative form of investor protection,” Commissioner Peirce said.

In this episode, Commissioner Hester Peirce discusses how the SEC’s recent enforcement action towards Kraken is emblematic of the agency’s broader attempt to regulate the crypto industry in the US through enforcement actions.

Read the full article here.

SEC Commissioner Peirce: Kraken Staking Action Not a ‘Fair Way of Regulating’

By Max Koopsen. February 10, 2023. (Decrypt).

Yesterday, the Securities and Exchange Commission announced its enforcement action against Kraken, forcing the crypto exchange to shut down its staking service in the U.S. and pay a $30 million fine.

Kraken’s staking service offered its customers an opportunity to earn rewards by depositing their crypto into various yield-generating protocols, advertising up to 24% yearly returns.

The SEC’s complaint alleged that Kraken had failed to register its staking-as-a-service with the regulator.

The Commission’s decision was not unanimous, however.

Read the full article here.

SEC Commissioner Says Her Colleagues Performed a “Shorthand Analysis” of XRP

Byy Lele Jima. February 9, 2023. (Crypto Basic).

In a recent tweet, XRP-Pro attorney John Deaton knocked the SEC for arguing that XRP represents both the common enterprise and the expectation of profit prongs of the Howey Test. Deaton expressed surprise that the SEC could reach such a conclusion despite not evaluating each transaction individually.

“The SEC doesn’t go transaction by transaction and argues that #XRP embodies or represents both the common enterprise and expectation of profits prongs of the Howey test,” said Deaton.

The founder of Crypto Law backed his comment by saying that even SEC Commissioner Hester Peirce (sometimes called Crypto Mom) admitted that her colleagues made a wrong call in evaluating XRP as a security.

Read the full article here.

SEC v. Ripple: Did The Government Fail To Prove Its Case?

By Hassan Tyler. January 19, 2023. (ValueWalk).

The saga for what Forbes has called “ the cryptocurrency trial of the century” looks as if it is about to enter its closing stages. Final briefs on summary judgment were filed in November of last year by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the payments software company Ripple Labs in SEC v. Ripple .

Nearly two years of arguments are now in the hands of Judge Analisa Torres of the Southern District of New York, who is expected to rule sometime in the first quarter of this year.

SEC v. Ripple

The issue revolves around how Ripple uses the XRP token and its decentralized ledger as a tool for its cross-border payments software that it sells to international banks and money transmitters. The company and two of its executives sold large amounts of the token to exchanges starting in 2013, which fed a substantial secondary market for the cryptocurrency and an ecosphere for the XRP Ledger for businesses and individuals without the involvement or permission of Ripple.

Read the full article here.

A Question for Congress: Why Didn’t the SEC Stop FTX?

By Hal Scott and John Gulliver. January 18, 2023. (Wall Street Journal).

The Securities and Exchange Commission brought an enforcement action last week against the cryptocurrency brokerages Genesis Global Capital and Gemini Trust. As with the failure of crypto exchange FTX, the SEC is late to the game—likely too late for the 340,000 U.S. customers affected by Genesis’ decision to halt all withdrawals.

Genesis’ financial problems stem from large holdings with FTX, and it is unlikely to be the last crypto firm caught in FTX’s wake. Who is to blame and what can be done to protect U.S. retail investors in crypto?

Rep. Patrick McHenry, the new chairman of the House Financial Services Committee, can answer that question by investigating the SEC’s failure to prevent the FTX disaster. The harm to U.S. investors from the alleged theft of FTX customer assets by Sam Bankman-Fried is likely to be enormous. FTX’s global operations held more than $8 billion in customer assets, and there were 2.7 million U.S. customers of FTX’s U.S. operations alone. FTX customers have had their assets frozen in bankruptcy and now face large losses. They deserve to know why the SEC failed to be the “cop on the beat.”

In 2008, after Bernie Madoff’s Ponzi scheme was revealed, SEC Chairman Christopher Cox promptly initiated an internal investigation into the commission’s failures to uncover the fraud. Gary Gensler, the current chairman, has so far failed to do the same. Madoff’s evasion of applicable SEC regulations was a surprise. FTX’s state of nonregulation was the reddest of flags. Madoff was largely cheating rich sophisticated investors. FTX’s retail investors were left helpless.

Read the full article here.

S.E.C. Charges Crypto Companies With Offering Unregistered Securities

By Ephrat Livni. January 12, 2023. (New York Times).

The Securities and Exchange Commission on Thursday charged the cryptocurrency lender Genesis Global Capital and the cryptocurrency exchange Gemini Trust with offering unregistered securities through a program that promised investors high interest on deposits.

The S.E.C. said that Genesis, a subsidiary of Digital Currency Group, and Gemini, which is run by Tyler and Cameron Winklevoss, had raised billions of dollars of assets from hundreds of thousands of investors without registering the program, which was called Gemini Earn.

By doing so, Genesis and Gemini bypassed “disclosure requirements designed to protect investors,” Gary Gensler, the S.E.C. chair, said in a statement. He added that the charges should “make clear to the marketplace and the investing public that crypto lending platforms and other intermediaries need to comply with our time-tested securities laws.”

Read the full article here.

SEC Spin Doctors Trying To Hide Crypto Regulation Disaster

By Roslyn Layton. January 8, 2022. (Forbes).

Over the last two U.S. administrations, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has promoted an all-encompassing policy of “regulation by enforcement” for U.S.-based digital asset markets like Coinbase and the enterprise blockchain industry that develops fintech solutions like Ethereum, Ripple, Stellar and Circle. Two successive chairmen – Jay Clayton and Gary Gensler – said that every digital asset except bitcoin is a security and should register at the SEC like a stock. The details end there, unless you end up on the wrong side of an SEC lawsuit. The SEC banks on a quick settlement from the parties it charges. Parties which dare to challenge the SEC need financial reserves, superstar lawyers, and years of patience for litigation to play out court. This “enforcement” produces little clarity for the market or protection of investors, which is the ostensible point of the regulatory exercise.

Read the full article here.

The FTX Scandal: Accountability and Regulatory Clarity Are What We Need Now

By John E Deaton

I started CryptoLaw to provide everyday investors with a “clearinghouse of information, news and analysis on key U.S. legal and regulatory developments for digital asset holders”. After the massive fraud at FTX was exposed, something that unfolded right under the nose of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), I am only more passionate about continuing this work for the digital asset holders.

It still seems that we don’t have anyone protecting us. Now more than ever we need to press Congress to hold bad actors and government agencies accountable for what they’ve done and what they failed to do.

Sam Bankman-Fried defrauded millions of customers and investors of billions of dollars while he was the toast of Washington. SEC Chairman Gary Gensler has been claiming “the rules are clear” on crypto and that his agency has the authority to regulate the whole space. He said FTX should have been registered, and that would have somehow prevented this from happening. But when lawmakers from his own political party ask him what compliance and registration actually means, they get no answers, only more talking points.

Gensler repeats over and over that for retail holders and investors, like those defrauded by Bankman-Fried, the solution is for exchanges to “come in and register” but the details end there. If Gensler is telling the truth that the “rules are clear”, then he failed miserably at enforcing them. His Enforcement Division has spent much of its resources suing Ripple and LBRY in long, non-fraud cases that failed to protect a single investor while the FTX fraud was happening right under its nose.

Through the “decentralized justice” of hundreds of digital asset holders investigating government documents, we learned that Gensler and the SEC met with Bankman-Fried at least three times. Good journalists and Congressional offices took that information and discovered that the subject of those meetings was a regulatory deal that would recognize FTX as a sanctioned crypto exchange. Gensler refuses to answer questions or release notes and documents from those meetings that will clarify what was discussed, or why the fraud was never detected.

Bankman-Fried is a fraud. He’s been arrested and will face prosecution and likely a long prison sentence. But that’s only part of what went wrong here. The SEC’s mission statement is “to protect investors; maintain fair, orderly, and efficient markets; and facilitate capital formation.”. In this instance, and in the crypto overall, Chairman Gensler and the SEC failed on every point.

Accountability and regulatory clarity are the two most important things that we need now. The bipartisan hearing of the House Financial Services Committee on December 13 was a positive step forward, where it seemed most of the committee members agreed that they have to step in and write the rules that Gensler has refused to produce. The also promised to investigate Gensler’s repeated misfires and distractions that do little or nothing to protect anyone. Those lawmakers need our support, collaboration and pressure to get it done.

Where Was Biden’s SEC Sheriff on Sam Bankman-Fried?

By Allysia Finley. December 18, 2022. (Wall Street Journal).

Securities and Exchange Commission Chairman Gary Gensler is trying to spin the FTX blow-up as a cautionary tale about the crypto “wild West.” But where was the SEC sheriff when Sam Bankman-Fried was funneling FTX customers’ funds to his Alameda Research trading house to finance risky bets and a lavish lifestyle?

In September 2021, Mr. Gensler rejected major industry players’ contention that he needed congressional authorization to regulate crypto products. “We have robust authorities at the Securities and Exchange Commission and we’re going to use them,” he told the Washington Post. “We’ll also be the cop on the beat, bringing those enforcement actions.” And the commission has—but not against FTX.

Read the full article here.